The automated highway system is defined as "a lane or set of lanes where specially equipped cars, trucks and buses could travel together under computer control (Rillings, 1996)." It is one aspect of intelligent
transportation systems (ITS), which apply electronics, computers and control technology developed for aviation, the space program and defense to the improvement of highways , vehicles and public transportation.
Automated highway systems combine magnetic sensors, computers, digital radio, forward-looking sensors, video cameras, and display technologies.
Instead of focusing on the car to innovate the driving experience, roosegaarde and heijmans found it about time to innovate the highways. with smarter transportation research already disposable for use for decades, an implementation plan capable of updating the highway with new designs such as a 'glow-in-the-dark road', 'dynamic paints', 'interactive lights', 'induction priority lanes' and 'wind lights'. the system essentially creates roads that are more socially conscious and interactive through the inclusion of light, energy and road signs which automatically adapt to various traffic situations.
Various combinations of these technologies are being applied in different pilot tests:Magnetic sensors: Magnetic sensors could be imbedded along the highway lanes. Magnetometers under the car's bumpers would sense the magnets and automatically keep the cars in the center of the lane.
Networked Computers: The system would not rely on a central computer to direct the movement of all vehicles. Rather, networks of small computers would be installed in vehicles and along the sides of roadways to coordinate the flow of traffic.
Digital radio: Digital radio equipment in each car would allow the computer on board to communicate with other vehicles in the vicinity and with supervisory computers monitoring the roadway.
Forward looking sensors: Using either radar or an infrared laser, these sensors would detect dangerous obstacles and other vehicles ahead.
Video cameras: Linked to computers that process images rapidly, video cameras could detect dangerous obstacles and other vehicles ahead. They could also be used along with or instead of magnets to track lane boundaries.
Visual Displays: Mounted on the dashboard or projected onto the windshield, it would give the driver information about the operation of the vehicle.
A large-scale demonstration of such ICTs was held in Japan in 1996. A similar project run by the European Commission involves commercial vehicles. In the United States, several pilot tests of automated highway systems are underway, including a large scale Congressional mandated demonstration run by the National Automated Highway System Consortium in August 1997. This four-day demonstration, held in San Diego, involved the installation of digital communications equipment at the roadside and magnets down the center of both lanes. Other demonstration projects are in various phases throughout the country, including a $12 million Federal Highway Commission test in Nevada and a $17.3 million project in Virginia. In addition, over a dozen U.S. research universities gave major intelligent-vehicle research programs
Networked Computers: The system would not rely on a central computer to direct the movement of all vehicles. Rather, networks of small computers would be installed in vehicles and along the sides of roadways to coordinate the flow of traffic.
Digital radio: Digital radio equipment in each car would allow the computer on board to communicate with other vehicles in the vicinity and with supervisory computers monitoring the roadway.
Forward looking sensors: Using either radar or an infrared laser, these sensors would detect dangerous obstacles and other vehicles ahead.
Video cameras: Linked to computers that process images rapidly, video cameras could detect dangerous obstacles and other vehicles ahead. They could also be used along with or instead of magnets to track lane boundaries.
Visual Displays: Mounted on the dashboard or projected onto the windshield, it would give the driver information about the operation of the vehicle.
A large-scale demonstration of such ICTs was held in Japan in 1996. A similar project run by the European Commission involves commercial vehicles. In the United States, several pilot tests of automated highway systems are underway, including a large scale Congressional mandated demonstration run by the National Automated Highway System Consortium in August 1997. This four-day demonstration, held in San Diego, involved the installation of digital communications equipment at the roadside and magnets down the center of both lanes. Other demonstration projects are in various phases throughout the country, including a $12 million Federal Highway Commission test in Nevada and a $17.3 million project in Virginia. In addition, over a dozen U.S. research universities gave major intelligent-vehicle research programs
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